The lyrics of Machaut's works almost always dealt with courtly love. Regardless, Reaney notes that his unique mastery of both secular and sacred Western music is only precedented by the work of Adam de la Halle. Machaut did both, though it could be said that he neglected the area of liturgical church music." Besides his mass, Hoquetus David and a few Latin motets, Machaut's surviving output is exclusively secular. The musicologist Gilbert Reaney notes that "before, composers either wrote songs or church music. He lived after the flowering of both the secular troubadour and trouvère song movements and the ars antiqua church style. Machaut's music comprises a wide variety, from complex masses to short songs, and despite the differences of genre, most still contain "typical Machaut motifs".
See also: List of compositions by Guillaume de Machaut His poem Le voir dit (probably 1361–1365) purports to recount a late love affair with a 19-year-old girl, Péronne d'Armentières, although the accuracy of the work as autobiography is contested. Machaut survived the Black Death that devastated Europe, and spent his later years living in Reims composing and supervising the creation of his complete-works manuscripts.
In 1346, King John was killed fighting at the Battle of Crécy, and Machaut, who was famous and much in demand, entered the service of various other aristocrats and rulers, including King John's daughter Bonne (who died of the Black Death in 1349), her sons Jean de Berry and Charles (later Charles V, Duke of Normandy), and others such as Charles II of Navarre. By 1340, Machaut was living in Reims, having relinquished his other canonic posts at the request of Pope Benedict XII. He was named the canon of Verdun in 1330, Arras in 1332, and Reims in 1337. He often accompanied King John on his various trips, many of them military expeditions around Europe (including Prague). He was employed as secretary to John I, Count of Luxembourg and King of Bohemia from 1323 to 1346, and also became a canon (1337). His surname most likely derives from the nearby town of Machault, 30 km northeast of Reims in the Ardennes region. Guillaume de Machaut was born around 1300, one of seven children, and educated in the region around Reims. Other notable works include the rondeaux "Ma fin est mon commencement" and "Rose, liz, printemps, verdure" as well as the virelai " Douce Dame Jolie". Among his only surviving sacred works, Messe de Nostre Dame, is the earliest known complete setting of the Ordinary of the Mass attributable to a single composer. Machaut composed in a wide range of styles and forms and was crucial in developing the motet and secular song forms (particularly the lai and the formes fixes: rondeau, virelai and ballade). His poetry was greatly admired and imitated by other poets, including Geoffrey Chaucer and Eustache Deschamps, well into the 15th century. Machaut embodies the culmination of the poet-composer tradition stretching back to the traditions of troubadour and trouvère. Machaut, one of the earliest European composers on whom considerable biographical information is available, has an unprecedented amount of surviving music, in part due to his own involvement in his manuscripts' creation and preservation. Regarded as the most significant French composer and poet of the 14th century, he is often seen as the century's leading European composer. His dominance of the genre is such that modern musicologists use his death to separate the ars nova from the subsequent ars subtilior movement. 1300 – April 1377) was a French composer and poet who was the central figure of the ars nova style in late medieval music. Guillaume de Machaut ( French:, Old French: also Machau and Machault c.
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